日時: 平成19年11月16日(金) 15時45分 -17時15分

      場所: 本学情報科学研究科講義棟 大講義室

      講演者氏名: Yvo Desmedt
          講演者所属機関・部局・役職名:The BT Chair of Information Security at University College London, UK. He is also a courtesy professor at Florida State University.

      題名:Applying Recreational Mathematics to Secure Multiparty Computation



      The problem of a mice traveling through a maze is well known. The maze can be represented using a planar graph. We present a variant of the maze. We consider a grid vertex colored planar graph in which an adversary can choose up to t colors and remove all vertices that have these colors and their adjacent edges. We call the grid in which these vertices and adjacent edges are removed a reduced grid. The problem is that a mice must be able to move in the reduced grid from the first row to the last row, and from the first column to the last column, and this for all possible reductions. We present three types of solutions to construct such grids. The efficiency of these solutions is discussed.
      The problem finds its origin in the problem of secure multiparty computation. Imagine going to a medical doctor in Iraq who needs to prescribe some medication, which might be counterindicated. The typical solution is to disclose all medical records to the doctor. If secure multiparty computation would be used, the medical doctor in Iraq only learns from the distributed medical databases whether the medication is, or is not, counterindicated. We consider the problem of parties each having a secret belonging to a non-abelian group. The parties want to compute the product of these secrets without leaking anything that does not follow trivially from the product. Our solution is black box, i.e., independent of the non-abelian group. This has applications to threshold block ciphers and post-quantum cryptography.
      This is joint work with Josef Pieprzyk, Ron Steinfeld and Huaxiong Wang. Parts of it were presented at Crypto 2007 and appeared in the proceedings.


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